KI UNIQUE – ACADEMIC READING SECTION

KI UNIQUE – ACADEMIC READING SECTION

The test has 40 questions based on a series of 3 texts. The test has to be completed in 60 minutes and no extra time will be given.

READING – ACADEMIC:

Academic Reading is harder as compared to General training Reading in IELTS.There are 3 texts and each contains 13-14 questions. Each text has questions of different formats. The total length of all the texts put together will be between 2000 and 2750 words. The texts will come from magazines, journals and books and are written for general interest or for an academic though non-specialist reader. At least one text will contain a logical argument. One text may contain non-verbal materials such as a diagram, graph or illustration.

Below is a table showing comparison between different approaches to reading which can be a useful technique in reading.

SKIMMING

SCANNING

READING IN DETAIL

Getting a general idea Finding specific information Reading carefully for meaning
Example: Newspaper article Example: a telephone directory Example: an instructional manual
Help you find the right section Help you find the right section Confirms you have the right answer

BASIC TIPS:

  1. As this task tests your reading ability, it is advised that the examinee should practice reading. This may involve reading a newspaper, a magazine or a journal.
  2. Allot time to practice reading in a time slot so that one can learn to read quickly.
  3. Plan what to write, before actually writing it down.
  4. Daily attempt just one passage and do it in 20 minutes for practice.

SPECIFIC TIPS:

  • It is advisable that the candidate marks the important parts in a paragraph, especially the ones which match the paragraph headings.
  • If one gets an answer from the paragraph, he/ she should stop reading it and firstly write down that answer so that later on time is not wasted in finding it again.
  • Don’t get confused in matching the paragraph headings with the words in the paragraph, as they may be just present to confuse you and may not have any link with the real meaning of the paragraph.
  • If one is still unsure about certain paragraph headings, time should not be wasted in deciding about them. Rather a candidate should go through the rest of questions, and may be in that he/ she may find an answer to paragraph heading.
  • An examinee should not waste time in finding meaning of unknown words. But still there are some tips to figure out its meaning and they are:
  • Look for the glossary at the end.
  • If it starts with a Capital letter, then it is a proper noun.
  • It may be defined further in the sentence.
  • Try to find the “word root”.

Example: abridge=A + Bridge

  • Work out a general meaning logically.
  • Work out a general meaning by contrast.
  • Consider word group? Is it verb, noun, adjective or adverb?

HOW TO APPROACH READING TEST?

  1. Look for the title of the passage and any illustrations
  2. Skim the question types
  3. Skim the reading passage
  4. Go back to the 1st set of questions.
  5. Use the specific skills for each question type.
  6. Look for keywords and think about potential.
  7. Synonyms or ways it might be rephrased.
  8. Scan the passage to find the relevant section.
  9. Read in detail to confirm the answer.

EXAMPLE:

Read the text, and then answer the questions below. The questions are in three sections. Read the instructions for each section carefully before doing the answers

This part of the test should take 17 -20 minutes

What is music?

A. Music has probably existed for as long as man has been human, and it certainly predates civilization by tens of millenia. Yet even today there is no clear definition of exactly what music is. For example, birdsong is certainly melodic, but it is not tuneful, and it is not created with the intention of being musical (in fact it is sometimes meant to sound threatening) - therefore does it count as music?

B. On the other hand, some modern composers have been challenging the idea that music should be arranged in a pleasant manner with the notes falling in an orderly succession. Others, famously the avant guarde composer John Cage have even used silence and called the result music. As a result there is no one definition of music. Perhaps it should be said that music, like beauty, is what the person who sees or hears it believes it to be.

C. Music is divided in many ways. Music itself is split into notes, clefts, quavers, and semi-demi quavers. Ancient and medieval musicologists believed that these notes could be arranged 'horizontally' into melody (making notes that match on the same scale) and 'vertically' (going up and down the scales to create harmony). Another very basic measurement of music is the 'pulse'. This is present in almost all forms of music, and is particularly strong in modern popular music. The pulse is the regular beat which runs through a tune. When you tap your foot or clap your hands in time to a song, you are beating out the pulse of that song.

D. Another way of dividing music is by genre. Even a child who does not know that (for example) rock and roll and classical music are different genres will be instantly aware that these are very different sounds; though he will not be aware that one is a percussion-led melody while the other emphasizes harmony over rhythm and timbre. Each genre of music has numerous sub-divisions. Classical music is divided by type - for example symphonies, concertos and operas, and by sub-genre, for example baroque and Gregorian chant. Just to make it more fun, modern musicians have also been experimenting with crossover music, so that we get Beatles tunes played by classical orchestras, and groups like Queen using operatic themes in songs such as 'Bohemian rhapsody'.

E. Almost all music is collaboration between the composer, and the performer, while song requires a lyricist to write the words as well. Sometimes old tunes are adapted for new lyrics - for example the song 'Happy Birthday' is based on a tune originally called 'Have a nice Day'. At other times a performer might produce a song in a manner which the original composer would not recognize. (A famous example is the punk rock band the Sex Pistols performing the British national anthem 'God save the Queen'.)

F. This is because the composer and lyricist have to leave the performer some freedom to perform in the way that suits him or her best. While many classical compositions have notes stressing how a piece should be performed (for example a piece played 'con brio' should be light and lively) in the end, what the listener hears is the work of the performer. Jazz music has fully accepted this, and jazz performers are not only expected to put their own interpretation on a piece, but are expected to play even the same piece with some variation every time.

G. Many studies of music do not take into account where the music is to be played and who the audience will be. This is a major mistake, as the audience is very much a part of the musical experience. Any jazz fan will tell you that jazz is best experienced in small smoky bars some time after midnight, while a classical fan will spend time and money making sure that the music on his stereo comes as close as possible to the sound in a large concert hall. Some music, such as dance music, is designed to be interactive, while other music is designed to remain in the background, smoothing out harsh sounds and creating a mood. This is often the case with cinema music - this powerfully changes the mood of the audience, yet remains so much in the background that many cinemagoers are unaware that the music is actually playing.

H. Music is very much a part of human existence, and we are fortunate today in having music of whatever kind we choose instantly available at the touch of a button. Yet spare a thought for those who still cannot take advantage of this bounty. This includes not only the deaf, but those people who are somehow unable to understand or recognize music when they hear it. A famous example is United President Ulysses Grant, who famously said 'I can recognize two tunes. One is 'Yankee doodle' and the other one isn't.'

Question Type 1:

Choose which of these sentences is closest to the meaning in the text.
  1. Modern composers do not always want their music to sound pleasant
    • Some modern composers do not want their music to be enjoyable
    • A modern musical composition should not be orderly
  2. Crossover music is when classical orchestras play modern tunes
    • Crossover music moves between musical genres
    • Crossover music is a modern musical genre
  3. Performers, lyricists and composers each have a separate function
    • Performers of a song will need to become lyricists
    • Composers instruct musicians to play their work 'con brio'

Question Type 2:

Match these groups of words with one of the words in the box opposite - you do not need two of the words.
  1. Rock and roll, classical music, jazz
  2. Composer, lyricist, performer
  3. Symphony, concerto, opera
  4. Cinemagoer, Jazz fan, dancer
  1. Collaborators
  2. John Cage
  3. Classical
  4. Baroque
  5. Audience
  6. Genres

Question Type 3:

The paragraphs are numbered A-H. Write the letter of the paragraph which contains the following information (You can choose a paragraph more than once).

  1. People can tell genres of music apart even without musical training.
  2. Where you hear music can be as important as the skill of the performer.
  3. Music has been a part of human existence for many thousands of years.
  4. A piece of music might have more than one set of words to go with it?
  5. Some people cannot tell the difference between classical music and birdsong.

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